SJ Scientific Freeze Drying & Thermal Control Solutions

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How Freeze Drying Works

Process Basics · Updated 2026-02-26

A practical overview of freezing, primary drying, and secondary drying stages.

# How Freeze Drying Works

Freeze drying removes water by sublimation under vacuum.

## Three stages
- Freezing
- Primary drying
- Secondary drying

Stable quality requires chamber pressure, shelf temperature and product temperature control.